Papillomavirus infection is one of the most common viral diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Almost everyone at least once in his life facing one or another of its manifestations. More than 100 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are known, each of which causes neoplasms of a certain type and localization: papillomas on the body, mucous membranes, convex and flat warts on the hands and feet, genital warts andother growths. Papillomas can be single and multiple. Choosing an effective remedy for papillomas is not an easy task, so it is better to entrust it to a dermatovenereologist.
Types of HPV drugs
The medicines used to treat HPV are divided into the following groups:
- Antivirus.
- Immune stimulants.
- Methods of destroying neoplasms.
First you need to determine the nature of the neoplasm: sometimes it is difficult to distinguish a papilloma from a mole or a condyloma. Then, using PCR analysis, establish the type of virus, since some of them contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms. Medicines against papilloma can be used together or separately.
Antivirus
Drug treatment of skin neoplasms caused by HPV is rarely done without drugs from this group. They have a harmful effect on the virus, prevent its reproduction, and have an immunomodulatory effect.
Pharmaceutical preparations are particularly popular, produced in different dosage forms: injections, tablets, suppositories, ointments and gels. Usually, with individual formulations, local application may be sufficient.
Antiviral ointments and gels are prescribed before and after the laser therapy procedure, electrocoagulation, and after it, they provide high treatment efficiency and prevent relapses.
What are the indications for prescribing systemic drugs against the virus:
- HPV infection of high oncological risk and high potential, confirmed by PCR;
- multiple papillomas on the body (this indicates high HPV activity);
- states of primary and secondary immunodeficiency (when the body cannot fight the viral load on its own).
Antiviral drugs (injections and tablets) are contraindicated:
- during pregnancy;
- during lactation;
- with individual intolerance.
Most medications are available on prescription.
What antiviral drugs are considered the most effective, and are able to get rid of papillomas?
Inosine Tablets
The drug is available in tablets. This is one of the most popular remedies for papilloma today. The active substance is inosine (purine derivative). It has a complex effect:
- Enzymes block the virus, causing its death;
- activates the production of interferon;
- activation of lymphocytes;
- inhibit the formation of inflammatory mediators.
It is prescribed 2 tablets a day for 2 weeks, if necessary, the course of treatment can be extended up to a month. It can be used in children over 3 years of age.
During the reception, nausea, headache, gout can worsen.
Medicines based on acridone meglumine acetate
The drug is available in two forms: injection and tablet. The active ingredient is meglumine acridone acetate. The mechanism of action is the induction of interferon.
Effects:
- antiviral;
- immunomodulatory;
- anti-inflammatory.
Intramuscular injections of the drug are given every other day, up to 10 injections per course.
Glycoside-based methods isolated from nightshade stems
Release form: solution for intravenous injections, ointment, gel spray inlayt for the treatment of the oral cavity, intimate spray gel for the treatment of papillomas on the genitals. The active substance isolated from nightshade stems is a glycoside.
This is a modern medicine against the virus with a broad spectrum of activity:
- anti-inflammatory,
- immune modulators,
- promotes tissue regeneration.
Intravenous injections are prescribed according to the scheme: the first 3 times in 2 days, the next 5 times in 3 days. Topical formulations and injections are well tolerated. Ointment and gel are allowed to be used during pregnancy and lactation.
Immune stimulants
Multiple papillomas often indicate a malfunction in the body. Medicines in this group have a stimulating effect on the immune system. Before use, it is necessary to consult an immunologist and an additional examination (immunogram).
By themselves, immunostimulants cannot get rid of the external manifestations of the human papillomavirus. But with confirmed immunodeficiency, they must be included in the HPV treatment complex. They are compatible with antiviral drugs, antibiotics, antifungal agents.
The use of immunostimulants is prohibited:
- during pregnancy;
- lactation;
- individual intolerance.
They are sold in pharmacies on prescription. Which of the drugs in this group is the most effective?
Compounds to destroy papillomas
Medicines of this group have a direct medicinal effect on papillomas. They contain aggressive components that destroy epithelial cells. Which one is most popular among doctors and patients and can get rid of HPV-related skin neoplasms?
Freezing drug
A temperature of -57 ° C affects the papilloma, causing a violation of its blood supply and necrosis. The drug is sold in a pharmacy without a prescription.
The product should not be used on areas with sensitive skin (face, axillary region, internal areas) and mucous membranes.
The kit includes a bottle with a mixture of propane and dimethyl ether, a plastic holder and foam rubber applicators. In one session, several formations can be processed. The exposure time depends on the size of the papilloma, but it should not be longer than 40 seconds. Falling of papilloma occurs in 10-14 days. To remove the formation, 1 to 4 procedures are required.
Drops based on macroarysol
Drops for external use with applicator included. This is a relatively new and effective remedy for papillomas. The main component is metacresol. It has a cauterizing effect, resulting in the death of the virus and the destruction of the neoplasm.
The drug is applied to the elements very carefully, to a point. If a drop of the solution gets on the surrounding healthy tissue, it must be removed immediately with a dry cotton swab. Small papillomas on the body are treated once, larger ones 3-4 times, with an interval of several minutes, after the previous layer has dried.
It is impossible to treat papillomas located in the folds of the skin, interdigital spaces with the drug.
It is better to entrust the removal of neoplasms in the anogenital zone to a medical professional.
Preparation based on a mixture of acids
The release form is a bottle with a solution, a plastic applicator for local application and a glass capillary for treating large surfaces.
The drug contains a mixture of acids: trichloroacetic, oxalic, nitric and lactic. Drops of the solution cause a chemical burn of the tissue, resulting in papilloma mummification.
The agent is gently applied to the affected area until its color changes. After the effect of this medicine on papilloma, a crust forms on its surface, which disappears by itself after 10-12 days. If the effect is insufficient, the procedure must be repeated.
Treatment results
After using drugs, the DNA of the virus remains in the human body. The purpose of using drugs for papillomas is to get rid of external manifestations, strengthen immunity, and achieve the transition of HPV infection to a latent form. Individual formations can only have a local effect on the body. In other cases, its efficiency is 25-50%.
What conditions are necessary to achieve the best result?
- complete diagnostics;
- a combined approach to treatment;
- choosing the best treatment regimen.
Therefore, the key to successful papillomavirus treatment is to seek medical help in a timely manner. There are many medications for papillomas, and a specialist should decide which one is best for a person in each case.